Bicarbonate of Soda

Also known as baking soda or sodium bicarbonate, bicarbonate of soda is used as a leavening agent for a variety of baked goods, such as scones, cakes, puddings, biscuits and batters. It may be combined with acidic cream of tartar to produce baking powder, or it may be used on its own in batters and doughs that include an acid ingredient such as buttermilk or orange juice. The white powder is activated as soon as it is mixed with an acidic liquid, releasing carbon dioxide gas that causes the baked item to rise.

Bicarbonate of soda can last for up to 3 years if stored in a cool dry place. However, if it is allowed to get warm or damp, the soda will start to react, thus adversely affecting its effectiveness. It is always worth testing bicarbonate of soda before using it by simply adding a few drops of lemon juice or vinegar to a small amount; if fresh, the powder will fizz vigorously, whereas stale powder will not.